paper - 7 Literary Theory and Criticism sem 2

Alpa Ponda

Sem 2

Batch 2016-2018

Paper No. 7

Literary Theory and Criticism

Submitted to  :smt. S B Gardi department of English

Enrolment no: 2069108420170025

Mail ID: alpaponda.7@gamil.com 

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Introduction

      Bharatmuni talked about rasa in this “natysastra” before the third century. The natyasastra is a compendium of performed arts:drama,music and dance. “natyasastra is the function of fine arts in india.” In natysastra he discussed about ‘Rasa theory’ and ‘bhava’, and the connect of character languages, music employed in drama.

‘Bhava  & Rasa’

     “Where the hand goes, the gaze follows. Where the eyes turn. There goes the mind. Where the mind goes, there comes bhava. And where the bhava comes, there also will be Rasa.”

      Rasa is intervowen in acting means abhinaya. There are four types of abhinaya.

1.  Agnik abhinaya

-        Movment of body is important during acting

-        It  is called angik abhinaya.

2.  Vachik abhinaya

-        The speaking skill while acting

-        It is called vachik abhinaya.

3.  Ahariya abhinaya

-        Ahariya means prop[erty, cloth

-        The action acts theough his movement with property and cloth.

-        It is called ahariya abinaya.

4.  Satvik  abhinaya

-        Satvik is the best stage of acting.

-        It is thestage during which the character acts form the heart and bhava rasa are created. There is an aesthetic pleasure to watch satvik abhnaya.

  Types of Rasa

         According to bharat’s natyshstra, there are eight basic feelings or menta states.

There are delight (riti), laughter(hasya), sorrow(shoka), anger(krodh),heroisn(utsaha), fear(bhaya), digust(jgupsa) and woder(vismaya).

Elaborating Rasa:

1) Srungara Rasa

       The sringra rasa proceeds from the dominate state of love. In sringar rasa ‘shubh’ is in center. The delightment of the characters and situation are the focused. It is also presented by the love of man and woman. The love comes with the appropriate season. There is a view of  pleasurable places like park, rivers etc. but modern settings are changed now. It is reflected with the movment of eyes, eyebrow, soft and modest movment of body, shringra rasa is connected with ‘apprasail’ the we see in kalidasa’s literature. Abhigyanshkuntalam is the best example of shringra rasa. As the writer very heavily and with the mood. Describes the love ife of shakuntala and dushiyant.

     It is also repreting love of separation. In poems and description shringra rasa is faunal.

2) Hasya Rasa

       It is very difficult to describe or to write comic scene because we should not create comedy, comedy comes at it own. Bharatmuni says that.

      “the humor arises from the grotesque and custom of others shameless character craze for sensual; pleasure, mischief foul words. Physical handicapped accusation of others and the like.”

        The hasya is very important in drama. In one act or there act play, there should hasya because hasya is the spam of relief. The audience can not be in one mood. So they requires comedy.

3) Karuna Rasa

       Karuna means pathetic sentiment. It is the dominant state of sorrow. The situation like sepertion of lovers, death scene, loose of property accident, karuna comes from the heart.

       The character shows karuna by their lower and deeper emotions, tears on cheeks. E.g. Romeo and Juliet creates karuna rasa.today’s movie represent the karuna rasa very well.

4) Rudra Rasa

       Rudra means anger. Anger is represented with the movement of eyes, arms cheeks. It is terrible to control. So Rudra rasa sometimes terrifies the others.it is the high state of sometimes and energy burns in this stage fully.e.g. we find some characters in movies the rigid type characters who rudra rasa during whole the movie.

5) Vira Rasa

       It is the best rasa which represent the great deed of the hero. it is also an energetic emotion yellow and orange colour are related with vira rasa.

In drama the vira rasa is represented through firmness passion, charity, and horizon.

 We find there types of vira.  

1) Danvira

2) Dharmvira

3) Yudhvira

6) Bhayanka Rasa

       Bhayanka Rasa has its dominant state of fear. The atmosphere and situation also should be conducted well during the oart of bhayanka rasa. The voices of animals like wolves etc. are used to terrify the character. Most of the horror movies use this type of incident.

       It is the high stage of terrified emotion where in one of afraid of something.

7) Bibhatsya Rasa

       This Rasa is dominant stage of disguise. It is represented by stopping the movement. Narrowing down of the mouth vomiting.

       We feel that it is happning in reality if it is also discussed just like disguised things.

8) Adbhuta Rasa

      It has the dominant state of amazed and surprised. It is like utopian state of expression. When nothing is expectable then it comes. This Rasa comes on face. It is the charm of the scene or incident.

9) Shanta Rasa

       This Rasa is the last. It is the state of mind and heart where in there is the peace. It would be of happiness or of sadness. It is also connected with enlightenment and spiritual experience. Today in this materialized World, everyone wants the place of shanta rasa. They all are in searchof shanta rasa.

       Here I attach the pdf of mono act script named ‘ shant ras nu sarnamu apo’ written by Bharat yagnik. Wish you real this for energetic experience.

  Elaborating the script 

      This is a good example of all rasa in one literary piece. The story of a lover includes all rasa is there and search of rasa it is the shekspher for our society that all wants shanta its address. The transformation from one rasa to another rasa is combined very beautifully by the writer.